北京一体化污水处理设备定制
编辑：出口污水处理设备 来自：https://www.zqwscl.com /日期：2023-11-21 11:40 / 人气：
本污水处理系统污水来源为生活污水，生活污水如果直接排放会污染周边环境，因此必须对排放的污水进行处理，使处理后的排放水达标排放。
根据实际情况，针对本处理工程，在处理工艺上采用AO处理技术，工艺成熟，处理效果好，处理后的排放水可达到国家《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级排放标准。
二、设计依据
1、《城市区域环境噪声标准》（GB3096-93）；
2、《室外排水设计规》（GBJ14-87）；
3、《给水排水工程结构设计规》（GBJ69-84）；
4、《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）。
三、设计原则
1、充分考虑二次污染的防治，设备要求噪声低，处理站附近区域无明显异味，处理设施要有密封措施，尽量减少对周围环境的影响；
2、系统操作简单，维护管理方便；
3、处理系统能自动运行，运行费用低，投资省；
4、污泥产生量少，回流消耗和外运；
5、处理设施应可满足水质、水量的变化，并考虑突发事故状态的各种应急措施。
四、设计参数
1、污水性质：生活污水
2、污水水量：
3、进出水水质：
进水为一般生活污水；处理设备的出水水质达到国家《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）一级排放标准。
五、工艺确定
工艺可分为生物挂膜法和活性污泥法。生物挂膜法一般适用于水量较小、水质较为稳定、浓度不高的污水水质，同时由于生物膜培养较快，系统调试好后运行稳定，可操作性较强。活性污泥法一般用于水量较大，水质有一定的波动，中等浓度或高浓度水质，同时由于活性污泥培养时间较长，系统运行中操作管理较繁，对操作人员有一定的要求。
污水水质按常规设定：CODCr ≤ 300mg/l，BOD5 ≤200mg/l，及结合我公司以往工程实例，使用生物膜法处理工艺，A/O生物接触氧化工艺为主体的生化处理方法。
污水处理工艺流程如下：
污水—格栅—调节池—A级生化池—O级生化池---沉淀池-消毒-清水池-排放
生活污水中有机成份较高，BOD5/CODcr=0.6，可生化性较好，因此采用生物处理方法比较经济。由于污水中氨氮及有机物含量较高，特别是有机氮，在生物降解有机物时，有机氮会以氨氮形式表现出来，氨氮也是一个重要的污染控制指标，因此污水处理采用缺氧好氧A/O生物接触氧化工艺，即生化池需分为A级池和O级池两部分。生活污水通过格栅拦污进入调节池，设置调节池的目的主要是调节污水的水量和水质。调节池污水采用污水提升泵提升至A级生化池，进行生化处理。在A级池，由于污水中有机物浓度较高，微生物处于缺氧状态，此时微生物为兼性微生物，它们将污水中有机氮转化为氨氮，同时利用有机碳源作为电子供体，将NO2-N、NO3-N转化为N2，而且还利用部分有机碳源和氨氮合成新的细胞物质。所以A级池不仅具有一定的有机物去除功能，减轻后续O级生化池的有机负荷，以利于硝化作用进行，而且依靠污水中的高浓度有机物，完成反硝化作用，最终消除氮的富营养化污染。经过A级池的生化作用，污水中仍有一定量的有机物和较高的氮氨存在，为使有机物进一步氧化分解，同时在碳化作用趋于完全的情况下，硝化作用能顺利进行。
A级池出水自流进入O级池，O级生化池的处理依靠自养型细菌（硝化菌）完成，它们利用有机物分解产生的无机碳源或空气中的二氧化碳作为营养源，将污水中的氨氮转化为NO2-N、NO3-N。O级池出水一部分进入沉淀池进行沉淀，另一部分回流至A级池进行循环，以达到反硝化的目的。在A级和O级生化池中均安装有填料，整个生化处理过程依赖于附着在填料上的多种微生物来完成的。在A级池溶解氧控制在0.5mg/l左右；在O级生化池溶解氧控制在2.0mg/l以上，气水比15:1； O级生化池一部分出水回流进入A级池，回流比为50%-100%；一部分流入竖流式沉淀池，进行固液分离；沉淀池固液分离后的出水进入消毒出水池，经消毒后即可直接排放。沉淀池沉淀下来的污泥由气提装置提升至污泥浓缩池；污泥浓缩池浓缩后的污泥采用粪车外运作农肥处理。
1. Project overview
The sewage source of the sewage treatment system is domestic sewage. If the domestic sewage is discharged directly, it will pollute the surrounding environment, so the discharged sewage must be treated, so that the discharged water conforms to the standard.
According to the actual situation, for this treatment project, AO treatment technology is adopted in the treatment process, the process is mature, the treatment effect is good, the treated discharged water can meet the national "comprehensive sewage discharge standard" (GB8978-1996) level 1 discharge standard.
2. design basis
1. Standard for Environmental Noise in Urban Areas (GB3096-93);
2. Outdoor Drainage Design Regulation (GBJ 14-87);
3. Structural Design Plan of Water Supply and Drainage Engineering (GBJ 69-84);
4. Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard " (GB8978-1996).
3. design discipline
1. Fully consider the prevention and control of secondary pollution, the equipment requires low noise, no obvious odor in the area near the treatment station, and the treatment facilities should have sealing measures to minimize the impact on the surrounding environment;
2. Simple system operation and convenient maintenance and management;
3. The processing system can run automatically, with low operation cost and less investment;
4, less sludge production, reflux consumption and external transport;
5. The treatment facilities should be able to meet the changes of water quality and quantity, and consider various emergency measures of the emergency state.
4. design value
1. Nature of sewage: domestic sewage
2. Sewage water quantity:
3. Water quality in and out of the water:
The inlet water is general domestic sewage; the effluent quality of the treatment equipment meets the primary discharge standard of the National Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996).
5. Process determination
The process can be divided into biological film hanging method and activated sludge method. Biological membrane hanging method is generally suitable for sewage water quality with small water quantity, stable water quality and low concentration. At the same time, due to the fast biofilm culture, the system operation is stable after the debugging and has strong operability. Activated sludge method is generally used for large amount of water, water quality fluctuation, medium concentration or high concentration water quality. At the same time, due to the long activated sludge culture time, the operation and management of the system is complicated, there are certain requirements for operators.
Sewage water quality is set according to the conventional setting: CODCr 300 mg/l, BOD 5200mg / l, and combined with the previous engineering examples of our company, the use of biofilm method treatment process, A / O biological contact oxidation process as the main body of the biochemical treatment method.The sewage treatment process flow is as follows:
Sewage-grille-regulating tank- -A biochemical tank- -O biochemical tank- -sedimentation tank-disinfection-clear pool-discharge
High organic components, BOD 5 / CODcr = 0.6, and better bioavailability, so the biological treatment method is more economical. Due to the high ammonia nitrogen and organic matter content, especially organic nitrogen, in biodegradable organic matter, organic nitrogen in the form of ammonia nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen is also an important pollution control index, so sewage treatment using hypoxia aerobic A / O biological contact oxidation process, the biochemical pool should be divided into a pool and O pool two parts. Domestic sewage enters the regulating tank through the grille. The purpose of setting the regulating pool is to regulate the quantity and quality of sewage. The sewage of the regulating tank is upgraded to the grade A biochemical tank by the sewage lifting pump for biochemical treatment. In grade A pool, due to the high concentration of organic matter in sewage, microorganisms in a state of hypoxia, microorganisms for facultative microorganisms, they convert organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen in sewage, using the organic carbon source as an electron donor, the NO2-N, NO3-N into N2, but also use part of organic carbon source and ammonia nitrogen synthesis of new cell material. Therefore, the A-level pool not only has A certain function of organic matter removal, reduce the organic load of the subsequent O-level biochemical pool, to facilitate nitrification, but also rely on the high concentration of organic matter in sewage, to complete denitrification, and finally eliminate the eutrophic pollution of nitrogen. After the biochemical action of the A pool, there is still A certain amount of organic matter and high nitrogen and ammonia in the sewage. In order to further oxidation and decompose the organic matter, at the same time, when the carbonization tends to be complete, the nitrification can proceed smoothly.
The effluent from the A pool flows into the O pool, and the treatment of the O biochemical tank is completed by autotrophic bacteria (nitrification bacteria). They use the inorganic carbon source generated by the decomposition of organic matter or carbon dioxide in the air as the nutrient source to convert the ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into NO2-N and NO3-N. Part of the effluent from the O level pool enters the sedimentation tank for precipitation, and the other part returns to the A level pool for circulation to achieve the purpose of denitrification. Fillers are installed in both grade A and grade O biochemical pools, and the whole biochemical treatment process depends on a variety of microorganisms attached to the filler. The dissolved oxygen in Class A pool is controlled at about 0.5 mg/l; in grade O biochemical tank, the gas-water ratio is 15:1; part of the effluent in Grade O biochemical tank flows into Grade A pool and the reflux ratio is 50% -100%; some flows into the vertical flow sedimentation tank for solid-liquid separation into the sedimentation tank, which can be directly discharged after disinfection. The sludge deposited from the sedimentation tank is lifted from the gas lifting device to the sludge concentrating tank; the concentrated sludge from the sludge concentrating tank is treated with agricultural fertilizer outside the manure truck.
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